Indian civilization and culture , LESSON - 01
ABOUT POET
Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi is called Bapu or father of nation .
Born: 2 October 1869, Porbandar(Gujrat)
Assassinated: 30 January 1948, Birla House, New Delhi(By Nathuram godsey)
Father:- Karam chandra gandhi
Mother:- Putli bai
Wife : Kasturba Gandhi (m. 1883–1944)
Works:- Young India
My experiment with truth(Autobiography)
He served India from 1915 to 1948.
Truth and Non-violence are two chief weapons of Mahatama Gandhi .
He was the great master of chaste .
He wrote numerous article for "Young India".
INDIAN CIVILIZATION AND CULTURE ( Summary)
Indian civilization and culture is an extract of Mahatma Gandhi's autobiography "My experiment with truth" in this essay Gandhi ji described about.
Indian civilization and culture, the ancient civilization of Greece, Rome, Egypt and China are gone but Indian civilization is still secure. Indian civilization is based on good conduct. It points out the men path of duty. Our civilization does not depend on multiplying our wants but upon restricting wants self denial.
He says that our civilization can not be beaten in the world because we are following the path that our ancestor's made for us. Gandhi ji says that mind is a restless bird the more it gets the more it wants and remain unsatisfied. So, we should control out desire.
At last Gandhi ji says that we should not adopt modern civilization because it is based on material.
Word power
Evolved- विकसित
Fate-भाग्य
Pharaohs- इजिप्ट देश के शाशक
Immovable- अटल
Glory-चमक
Stolid-भावहीन
Anvil-निहाई
Sheet anchor - सुरक्षा
Convertible-परिवर्तनीय
Unbridled-बेलगाम
Dissuaded-रोकना
Indigenous- देशज
Life-corroding-धीरे-धीरे जीवन बर्बाद करना
Moral fiber- नैतिक मूल्य
Deliberation- विवेचना
Snare- फंदा
Encumbrance- बेबजह का शोर
Vice- दुर्गुण
Flourishing- फलता-फूलता हुआ
Touts- दलाल
Lure-चारा
Votaries-उपासक
Elevate-ऊपर उठना
Propagate-प्रचार
Behoves- सही
Cling-चिपकना
Shun- दूर रखना
Unadulterated- पूर्ण
Insatiableness-असंतोष
Bartering- अदल बदल करना
Enamoured- मोहित
Onrush- प्रबाह
Gibbon- 18वीं सताब्दी के एक प्रसिद्ध अंग्रेज इतिहासकार जिन्होंने "The decline and fall of Roman Empire" नामक किताब लिखी ।
Ruin-बर्बाद
Assimilation-परिपाक
The golden fleece - स्वर्ण ऊन
Hindrance- बाधा
Delusion- माया
Spiritual - आध्यात्मिक
Experiment - प्रयोग
OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS
1. Mahatma Gandhi has written the lesson—
(A) I Have a Dream (B) The Artist
(C) Indian Civilization and Culture (D) The Earth
Ans:- c
2. Pharaohs were rulers were ancient—
(A) Russia (B) Egypt
(C) India (D) Greece
Ans:- B
3. Civilization is the state of development of a …..
(A) people (B) animal
(C) bird (D) non-living things
Ans:-A
4. Gibbon is associated with—
(A) Italy (B) Sweden
(C) Russia (D) America
Ans:-C
5. European civilization will mean ……….. for India.
(A) want : (B) living
(C) real (D) ruin
Ans:-
6. ‘Simple living and high thinking’ is the base of —
(A) American Civilization (B) Indian Civilization
(C) European Civilization (D) None of these
Ans:-B
7. Indian glory is that it is—
(A) immovable (B) movable
(C) Uncivilized (D) ignorant
Ans:-A
8. ………….. Was a spiritual leader than a politician.
(A) Nehru ji (B) Sardar Patel
(C) Mahatma Gandhi (D) Indira Gandhi
Ans:-C
9. ‘My Experiments with Truth’ was written by-..
(A) Nehru ji (B) Mahatma Gandhi,
(C) Maulana Abdul Kalam Azad (D) Sardar Patel
Ans:-B
10. The mind is a restless …………… the more it gets the more it
wants.
(A) bird (B) dog
(C) cow (D) monkey
Ans:-A
11. The people of Europe learn their lesson from the writing of the
man of ……
(A) Germany (B) Britain
(c) Greece or Rome (D) Spain
Ans:-C
12. “Plain living and high thinking’ is the motto of –
(A) Western philosopher (B) Eastern philosopher
(C) North philosopher (D) None of these
Ans:-A
13. Sacrifice is the sole aim of our —
(A) Philosopher (B) farmers
(C) Rights (D) scientists
Ans:-B
14…….were satisfied with small villages.
(A) Our ancestors (B) Germans
(C) Romans (D) Italians
Ans:-A
15. Has civilization taught us to be more … towards one another?
(A) enemy (B) angry
(C) upset (D) friendly
Ans:-D
16. Our ancestors enjoyed ………….. Rule.
(A) Nice (B) Society
(C) Home (D) Nation
Ans:-C
17. Wealth and luxuries do not make a…… Happy.
(A) bird (B) man
(C) cow (D) dog
Ans:-B
18. Gandhi Ji went to Champaran in ….
(A) 1915 (B) 1916
(C) 1917 (D) 1918
Ans:-C
19. The people of Europe are inspired by. ……… and Roman
writers.
(A) British (B) Greek
(C) German (D) Indian
Ans:-B
20. The invention of …………… proved a milestone in our
development.
(A) fire (B) Agriculture
(C) carpentry (D) None of these
Ans:-A
21. He wrote different articles for —
(A) ‘The Hindu’ (B) ‘The Times of India’
(C) ‘The Blitze’ (D) ‘Young India’
Ans:-D
22. Civilization points out to man —
(A) how to make money (B) how to win the enemy
(C) the path of duty (D) the way of living
Ans:-C
23. To observe morality is to attain mastery over —
(A) economic growth (B) political ability
(C) minds and passions (D) art
Ans:-C
24. The mind is a restless bird which always remains —
(A) Hungry (B) unsatisfied
(C) thirsty (D) sick
Ans:-B
25. Happiness is largely a —
(A) mental condition (B) physical condition
(C) disease (D) imagination
Ans:-A
26. Mahatma Gandhi was more a —
(A) politician (B) economist
(C) social reformer (D) Spiritual leader
Ans:-D
27. He used as the chief weapons —
(A) swords (B) nuclear weapons
(C) guns (D) truth and non-violence
Ans:-D
28. Our ancestors dissuaded us from —
(A) politics (B) luxuries and pleasure
(C) morality (D) spirituality
Ans:-B
29. People in ancient days were satisfied with —
(A) towns (B) cities
(C) mega cities (D) villages
Ans:-D
30. Our forefathers saw that kings and their swords were inferior
to-
(A) the swords of ethics (B) the swords of politics
(C) the swords of economics (D) the swords of treachery
Ans:-A
31 In ancient days the common people followed —
(A) business (B) agriculture
(C) industry (D) politics
Ans:-B
32. Modern civilization is the worship of —
(A) material (B) ethics
(C) brotherhood (D) equality
Ans:-A
33. Indian Civilization and Culture’ has been written by —
(A) Pt. Nehru (B) M. Gandhi
(C) Hussain (D) None of these
Ans:-B
34. In ancient days the common people enjoyed —
(A) courts rule (B) slavery
(C) true home rule (D) foreign rule
Ans:-C
35. The tendency of Indian civilization is to elevate —
(A) immorality (B) partiality
(C) moral being (D) dishonesty
Ans:-A
36. Indian civilization Is —
(A) godless (B) based on belief in God
(C) based on partiality (D) based on matte
Ans:-B
Indian civilization and culture
Mock test link on telegram :- https://t.me/satyamclassesteghra/154
Indian civilization and culture Objective videos link :- https://youtu.be/e3k7BrYLb2U?si=TQwTy57dO8Tn3CXe
Class test questions :-
ANSWER THE FOLOOWING QUESTIONS.
1. Who is the author of the lesson "Indian Civilization and Culture"?
(A) Pt. Nehru
(B) Mahatma Gandhi
(C) Rabindranath Tagore
(D) Jawaharlal Nehru
Answer:- B
2. The essence of Indian civilization lies in:
(A) Wealth accumulation
(B) Simple living and high thinking
(C) Industrial development
(D) Urban lifestyle
Answer:- B
3. What does European civilization symbolize for India?
(A) Growth
(B) Ruin
(C) Equality
(D) Freedom
Answer:- B
4. Mahatma Gandhi was more of a:
(A) Politician
(B) Spiritual leader
(C) Scientist
(D) Artist
Answer:- B
5. "My Experiments with Truth" is written by:
(A) Jawaharlal Nehru
(B) Mahatma Gandhi
(C) Rabindranath Tagore
(D) Sardar Patel
Answer:- B
6. The mind is compared to a restless:
(A) Monkey
(B) Bird
(C) Dog
(D) Fish
Answer:- B
7. Indian glory is considered:
(A) Movable
(B) Immovable
(C) Temporary
(D) Fragile
Answer:- B
8. What is the ultimate aim of Indian civilization?
(A) Material development
(B) Moral upliftment
(C) Political supremacy
(D) Technological advancement
Answer:- B
9. Civilization guides humanity towards:
(A) Wealth
(B) War
(C) Duty
(D) Power
Answer:- C
10. The people of Europe take inspiration from:
(A) German philosophers
(B) Greek and Roman writers
(C) Indian saints
(D) British scholars
Answer :- B
11. What is considered the foundation of Indian civilization?
(A) Luxuries
(B) Simplicity
(C) Political power
(D) Industrialization
Answer:- B
12. Gandhi Ji's chief weapons were:
(A) Guns and swords
(B) Money and power
(C) Truth and non-violence
(D) Political alliances
Answer:- C
13. The ultimate goal of morality is to attain control over:
(A) Wealth
(B) Passion and mind
(C) Social systems
(D) Political power
Answer :- B
14. Gandhi visited Champaran in the year:
(A) 1915
(B) 1916
(C) 1917
(D) 1918
Answer:- C
15. The invention of which element marked a milestone in human
progress?
(A) Agriculture
(B) Fire
(C) Tools
(D) Language
Answer:- B
16. According to Gandhi, true happiness is a:
(A) Mental condition
(B) Physical condition
(C) Social status
(D) Political power
Answer:- A
17. Indian ancestors dissuaded people from:
(A) Politics
(B) Luxuries and pleasures
(C) Morality
(D) Knowledge
Answer:- B
18. In ancient India, people were content with living in:
(A) Cities
(B) Villages
(C) Metropolises
(D) Kingdoms
Answer:- B
19. The tendency of Indian civilization is to elevate:
(A) Material wealth
(B) Moral being
(C) Economic strength
(D) Political power
Answer:- B
20. Gandhi wrote several articles for:
(A) The Hindu
(B) Young India
(C) Times of India
(D) Blitz
Answer:- B
21. Modern civilization is primarily focused on the worship of:
(A) God
(B) Brotherhood
(C) Materialism
(D) Equality
Answer:- C
22. What does Indian civilization encourage over kings and their swords?
(A) Economic power
(B) The swords of ethics
(C) Military strategies
(D) Scientific advancements
Answer :- B
23. The base of Indian culture is deeply rooted in:
(A) Materialism
(B) Belief in God
(C) Secularism
(D) Industrial growth
Answer:- B
24. What is the central idea of civilization according to Gandhi?
(A) Wealth
(B) Power
(C) Duty
(D) Luxury
Answer:- C
25. Sacrifice is the hallmark of Indian:
(A) Scientists
(B) Farmers
(C) Leaders
(D) Philosophers
Answer:- B
26. Happiness, according to Gandhi, is derived from:
(A) Material wealth
(B) Simplicity
(C) Political achievements
(D) Physical comfort
Answer:- B
27. Gandhi emphasized which two principles as the foundation of life?
(A) Wealth and power
(B) Duty and responsibility
(C) Truth and non-violence
(D) Morality and politics
Answer:- B
28. Indian civilization thrives on:
(A) Competition
(B) Brotherhood and simplicity
(C) Materialism
(D) Aggression
Answer:- B
29. According to Gandhi, the mind is always:
(A) At peace
(B) Restless and unsatisfied
(C) Content
(D) Angry
Answer:- B
30. Which civilization’s foundation is rooted in “Plain living and high thinking”?
(A) European civilization
(B) Indian civilization
(C) Modern civilization
(D) None of these
Answer:- B
31. Who is the author of "Indian Civilization and Culture"?
a) Dr. Zakir Hussain
b) Mahatma Gandhi
c) Martin Luther King, Jr.
d) Manohar Malgaonkar
Answer:- B
32. "A Pinch of Snuff" was written by:
a) Dorothy L. Sayers
b) Bertrand Russell
c) Manohar Malgaonkar
d) Shiga Naoya
Answer:- C
33. Which work is written by Martin Luther King, Jr.?
a) I Have a Dream
b) Bharat is My Home
c) A Child is Born
d) The Earth
Answer:- A
34. "How Free is the Press" is authored by:
a) Dorothy L. Sayers
b) Germaine Greer
c) Anton Chekhov
d) H.E. Bates
Answer:- A
35. The author of "India Through Traveller’s Eye" is:
a) Pearl S. Buck
b) Dr. Zakir Hussain
c) Shiga Naoya
d) Kamala Das
Answer:- A
36. Who wrote "Sweetest Love I Do Not Goe"?
a) John Donne
b) W.H. Auden
c) Walt Whitman
d) Rupert Brooke
Answer :- A
37. The poem "Song of Myself" is authored by:
a) John Keats
b) Walt Whitman
c) T.S. Eliot
d) Kamala Das
Answer:- B
38. Which poet wrote "To Autumn"?
a) John Donne
b) John Keats
c) W.H. Auden
d) Walter de la Mare
Answer:- B
39. "Snake" is a poem by:
a) D.H. Lawrence
b) Keki N. Daruwala
c) Rupert Brooke
d) W.H. Auden
Answer:- A
40. Who is the author of "Macavity: The Mystery Cat"?
a) T.S. Eliot
b) John Donne
c) Keki N. Daruwala
d) kamla das
Answer:- A
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